Thyroid Disorders

What are Thyroid Disorders?

The thyroid is a pair of glands located at the base of the throat. It plays a critical role in hormone production and regulation, as well as the management of metabolic functions. Hormones are released by the pituitary gland located in the brain. The thyroid is part of the endocrine system, which is a network of glands called responsible for coordinating many of your body’s activities.

Thyroid Disorders is a general term for several different disorders that keep your thyroid from making the right amount of hormones in your body. Thyroid Disorders can affect anyone of any age. 

The thyroid gland manufactures hormones that regulate your body’s metabolism. Several different disorders can arise when your thyroid produces too much hormone (hyperthyroidism) or not enough (hypothyroidism).

What are the types of Thyroid Disorders?

Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism is a condition where the body’s immune system malfunctions and causes the release of abnormal antibodies. The 2 primary hormones produced are tetraiodothyronine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Hyperthyroidism occurs when too much T4, T3, or both, are made by the thyroid. This condition leads to symptoms like a faster heartbeat, trembling, sweating, and weight loss. 

Conditions that can cause Hyperthyroidism include Grave's Disease, Thyroid Nodules, and excessive iodine in your body.
 

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is a condition where the body does not produce enough thyroid hormones. It cause a number of health problems, such as obesity, joint pain, infertility and heart disease. Conditions that can cause hypothyroidism include Hashimoto's Disease and an iodine deficiency. 

What are the symptoms of Thyroid Disorders?

There are various symptoms that you may experience. Unfortunately, the symptoms of Thyroid Disorders may be similar to other diseases, making it difficult to ascertain if your symptoms are related to a thyroid issue or something else entirely. 

Some of the symptoms you may experience include:

• Anxiety
• Bulging eyes (in Graves’ disease)
• Increased sweating
• Insomnia
• Irritability
• Muscle weakness
• Nervousness
• Palpitations
• Restlessness
• Weight loss
   

What are the risk factors for Thyroid Disorders?

You may be at a higher risk of Thyroid Disorders if you have any of these factors:

• Gender: Females are at a higher risk of Thyroid Disorders than males.
• Family History: You're at a higher risk if Thyroid Disorders run in your family
• Prior Medical Conditions: If you suffer from Turner Syndrome or an autoimmune disease such as Pernicious Anemia, Celiac Disease, or Lupus, your risk increases.
• Age: Thyroid Disorders are more prevalent in those aged 60 and older. 

How are Thyroid Disorders diagnosed?

Blood Test
A  blood test will be done to check for the type of thyroid disorder.
 

Want to check if your thyroid is functioning optimally? Dr. Matthew Tan discusses how you can get your thyroid screened.